The modern mugshot, with a frontal and profile image apiece, was devised by the famous French criminalist Alphonse Bertillon in the late 19th century. For more than a century, it has provided law enforcement with a way to catalog and keep track of repeat offenders and suspects.
The problem: it is inherently two-dimensional, and doesn’t readily allow for comparison with images that may be important to an investigation, such as surveillance camera footage from a high angle at a crime scene.
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